1	Inside the Digital Darkroom Paul D. Parisi
2	Introduction Tonight we are going to cover: Software for digital photography Workflow for processing digital photography Cataloging and storage of digital photography Histograms, what they are and why they are important Web-sites, books and other information sources Scanning and much, much more
3	Who is Paul D. Parisi Paul lives in Boxford with his wife, Heidi of 18 years, his 3 year old son Danny and two dogs, Boston and Chelsea. He has been involved in the computer industry for over 18 years. Most recently he sold both of his companies, one a computer consulting firm and another a firm specializing in e-mail management software, and is working for the new company. Paul’s business activities have included computer consulting, electronic publishing and prepress management as well as software development. Originally a news photographer Paul had been waiting for the arrival of digital photography and has recently become active again with his camera. Paul has spoken on computers, technology and prepress all over the world including MacWorld, Seybold and Microsoft conferences. Originally a Nikon user Paul has recently switched to Canon
4	Some of my images…
5	Tonight’s Presentation Everything is in the handouts… Please feel free to ask questions… Thank you for coming!
6	Software Adobe Photoshop Adobe Photoshop Elements Photoshop plug-ins ProCreate KnockOut Lizard Tech Genuine Fractals Extensis Nik Software
7	Photoshop Demonstration Levels Layers Color Healing and Cloning
8	Workflow-from bits to images What is it: How do you get from camera to print or slide?
9	Cataloging and Storage Storage Backup CD-R, DVD+RW, DVD+R Hard disk drive Cataloging software
10	Where do I put it all? On CD-R disks or DVD+RW disks Recordable optical disks have an estimated life span of 70+ years Make multiple copies to be safe…
11	Storage Digital images consume large amounts of space. If you are keeping the only copy of your data on your computer’s hard disk it is not a matter of if you will lose your data, it is when!
12	Backup Your data is only as good as your last backup Veritas Backup MyPC Windows Backup (NT/2000/XP)
13	Removable Hard-Disk Option Given the low cost of hard disk drives, ~$70 for 40GB, you could connect one to your computer via USB or Firewire and use it as a backup device Remember to have more than one and to swap them periodically
14	Cataloging Software Extensis Portfolio 6 ACDsee 5.0 Cerious ThumbsPlus 5
15	And now for something completely different
16	So what is a pixel? A pixel is a light sensitive element. When light shines on it, it produces an electrical response proportional to the amount of light shining on it. A pixel has a range of sensitivity.
17	What is a pixel, continued When a pixel has too little light to produce a response it is at its darkest point and the subsequent response would be undetectable When it is at the point at which adding more light will not create any additional response it is at its brightest point The difference in these limits are the range of luminosity values the pixel is capable of describing
18	Pixels are like bathroom scales Most bathroom scales are calibrated in pounds. Some scales are able to resolve pounds, ounces and fractions of an ounce. Weighing a feather on your bathroom scale will probably not register, but the feather does indeed have weight. Weighing your car on your bathroom scale will probably register but the scale will stop at its upper limit. Does that mean that the car only weighs 300 pounds? No just that the scale cannot express the weight beyond 300 lbs.
19	Bits One bit is either a One (1) or a Zero (0) If we use one bit to describe a pallet of values, how many values can we have? Two (2), one for the number 1 and one for the number 0 Using the two basic values--white 1 and black 0
20	More bits If we have 2 bits how many values can we describe? We have 00 = Color 1, 01 = Color 2, 10 = Color 3, 11 = Color 4
21	More and more bits If we have 3 bits 000 to 111 Since there are three bits the number of values we can have is 2³or 222=8 values 000, 001, 011, 100, 011, 111, 101, 110
22	4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 12 bits 2⁴=2222=16 values 2⁵=22222=32 values 2⁶=222222=64 values 2⁷=2222222=128 values 2⁸=2222222*2=256 values 2¹²=4,096 values
23	Color Imaging Sensors Think of each pixel as a luminosity scale. Each pixel measures how much light is hitting it. A filter, in front of the pixel, is typically used to read each of the three colors, red, green and blue. Giving three 8-bit samples, or 24-bit color.
24	8 bit pixels Each pixel can have a value from binary 0000000 to 11111111 or from decimal 0 to 255, or 1 of 256 values Thus 256 (red possibilities) * 256 (green possibilities) * 256 (blue possibilities) = 256256256=16,777,216 potential values or colors Most digital cameras support 24-bit color
25	12 bit pixels If we have a 12bit pixel we can have a value from 0 to 4,095 for each pixel for each of the three colors or Red, Green and Blue ~68 billion values/colors Some digital cameras support 36-bit color
26	So how big are these files? 24 bits per pixel/8 bits per color 1,648 x 2,464 pixels =4,060,672 pixels (4 mega pixels) * 24 bits =97,456,128 bits/8 bits (per byte) =12,182,016 bytes or ~12 megabytes
27	So how big are these files? 36 bits per pixel/12 bits per color 1,648 x 2,464 pixels = 4,060,672 pixels (~4 mega pixels) 4,060,672 pixels * 36 bits =146,184,192 bits/8 bits (byte) = 18,273,024 bytes or ~18 megabytes
28	Histograms A representation of a frequency distribution by means of rectangles whose widths represent class intervals and whose areas are proportional to the corresponding frequencies
29	Histograms A representation of a frequency distribution by means of rectangles whose widths represent class intervals and whose areas are proportional to the corresponding frequencies
30	Histograms how many samples of a particular value by means of a vertical bar graph, whose widths represent the number of possible values and whose height are proportional to the corresponding totals
31	So What? For example lets discuss a practical example: Emptying a bag of colored marbles we see we have the following: 3 blue, 5 red, 3 yellow, 4 black, 6 white, 1 purple and 2 orange marbles
32	Marbles
33	Marbles
34	Marbles
35	Now that we have lost our marbles… What does all this mean with digital photos?
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40	Books Real World Photoshop by David Blatner and Bruce Fraser Photoshop 7 Artistry Mastering the Digital Image by Barry Haynes & Wendy Crumpler Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers by Martin Evening Real World Scanning and Halftones by David Blatner, Glenn Fleishman, Stephen F. Roth, Steve Roth
41	Websites www.dpreview.com www.fredmiranda.com www.birdsasart.com www.paulparisi.com
42	Computers IBM IntelliStation M-Pro P4 Xeon 1.7GHz dual processor 1 GB RAM 180 GB of disk storage (RAID) Matrox G450 Dual Head Video Mitsubishi Diamond Plus 20” monitor Sony W900 24” monitor HP DVD+RW 200i Microsoft IntelliMouse Explorer Wireless
43	Peripherals Epson 1280 Photo Printer HP 4050 Laser Printer Nikon CoolScan 2000 HP Flatbed Scanner (6000 Series) Epson Perfection 2400 Scanner ColorCal Monitor Spyder Intuos 2 Graphics Tablet
44	Media Software Adobe Photoshop 7.0 Genuine Fractals 2.5 Extensis ACDsee 5.0 / FotoSlate 2.0 Procreate Knockout 2.0 Cerious ThumbsPlus 5.0 Nero Burning ROM 5.5 BreezeBrowser 2.x
45	Operating System Windows XP Professional Windows XP Home Windows 2000 Windows ME or 98SE
46	Recommendations You can start with just about any computer! You do not need the latest Epson Photo printers Epson Flat Bed Scanners
47	Other Software Norton Anti-Virus Norton Personal Firewall Norton SystemWorks WinZip 8.1